Cell-Surface Transmitter Transporters

ABC transporters involved in export of cell surface glycoconjugates.

Complex glycoconjugates play critical roles in the biology of microorganisms. Despite the remarkable diversity in glycan structures and the bacteria that produce them, conserved themes are evident in the biosynthesis-export pathways. One of the primary pathways involves representatives of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily. These proteins are responsible for the export of a ...

Glial cell function: uptake of transmitter substances.

Rabbit-brain fractions enriched in neuronal cell bodies and in glial cells accumulated norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid, substances believed to serve as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Both neurons and glia were able to concentrate the monoamine transmitters about 4-fold from a medium containing 0.1-1 muM concentrations. However, the glial-cell f...

Glycine, GABA and their transporters in pancreatic islets of Langerhans: evidence for a paracrine transmitter interplay.

To elucidate the possible roles of the CNS neurotransmitters glycine and GABA in neuroendocrine paracrine signalling, we investigated their localizations, and those of their transport proteins, by confocal immunofluorescence and quantitative post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. We show that A-cells contain glycine in synaptic-like microvesicles as we...

Delayed clearance of transmitter and the role of glutamate transporters at synapses with multiple release sites.

The roles of glutamate diffusion, uptake, and channel kinetics in shaping the AMPA receptor EPSC were examined at a calyceal synapse. The EPSC decay was described by three exponential components: two matching desensitizing channel kinetics, and a third component at least 10 times slower. The slowest component had identical voltage dependence to the steady-state AMPA current and was selectively ...

transmitter transporters per vesicle - sorting versus expression under regime of day - night cycle